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The Splash Tetra, scientifically known as Copella arnoldi, is a fascinating and unique species of freshwater fish that belongs to the Lebiasinidae family. Native to the Amazon River basin in South America, particularly in countries such as Brazil, Peru, and Colombia, this small but vibrant fish has captivated the attention of aquarists and ichthyologists alike due to its remarkable reproductive behavior and attractive appearance.

Typically, the Splash Tetra reaches a modest size in adulthood, growing up to about 3 inches (7.5 cm) in length. They exhibit a slender and elongated body shape that is highly adapted to their natural habitat, which comprises slow-moving or still waters with dense vegetation. The coloration of the Splash Tetra is both subtle and appealing, with a base color that ranges from a translucent light brown to a golden hue. This is accentuated by a series of horizontal stripes or lines that run along the length of their bodies, adding to their visual allure.

One of the most distinctive features of the Splash Tetra is its dorsal fin, which is relatively large compared to its body size and is positioned towards the back. The anal and pelvic fins are also well-developed, enabling precise movements in the water. Their eyes are prominent, reflecting their keen sense of vision, which is crucial for spotting predators and prey in their natural environment.

However, what truly sets the Splash Tetra apart from other fish species is its extraordinary breeding behavior. Unlike most freshwater fish, the Splash Tetra engages in a unique mating ritual that involves the male and female leaping out of the water to deposit and fertilize eggs on the underside of overhanging vegetation. This remarkable process is where the Splash Tetra gets its name, as the action creates a noticeable splash sound. After spawning, the male continues to guard the eggs by splashing them with water periodically to ensure they remain moist until hatching. This not only prevents the eggs from drying out but also protects them from potential predators.

The Splash Tetra's diet in the wild primarily consists of small insects, larvae, and plankton. In captivity, they are relatively easy to care for, adapting well to a variety of commercial fish foods, including flakes, pellets, and frozen or live brine shrimp and bloodworms. They thrive in aquariums that mimic their natural habitat, with soft, slightly acidic water, a temperature range of 75°F to 80°F (24°C to 27°C), and plenty of plants and hiding spots.

Socially, Splash Tetras are peaceful and gregarious fish that do well in community tanks, provided they are kept with other non-aggressive species that do not see them as prey. They are known to be schooling fish in the wild, so maintaining a group of at least six individuals is recommended to ensure their well-being and natural behavior in captivity.

In summary, the Splash Tetra (Copella arnoldi) is a captivating and relatively easy-to-care-for fish that adds a touch of elegance and intrigue to any freshwater aquarium. Its unique reproductive behavior, combined with its attractive appearance and peaceful nature, makes it a favorite among fish enthusiasts and a fascinating subject of study for scientists interested in fish biology and behavior.